Medical Description

Hyponatremia is a potentially fatal condition in which there is not enough sodium in the body’s blood. Sodium is important for maintaining blood pressure, and is also needed for nerves and muscles to function properly.

If sodium levels drop, water will seep into cells to balance the salt levels, which could cause swelling of the cells. While most cells can handle the swelling, brain cells cannot because the skull confines them. Hyponatremia symptoms are mostly caused by brain swelling.

Symptoms

• abnormal mental status
• confusion
• decreased consciousness
• hallucinations
• possible coma
• convulsions
• fatigue
• headache
• irritability
• loss of appetite
• muscle spasms or cramps
• muscle weakness
• nausea
• restlessness
• vomiting
• anorexia nervosa

General Information

On December 4, 2007, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a safety alert for desmopressin. The agency said certain patients are at risk of developing hyponatremia, which is an abnormally low concentration of sodium in the blood that can cause seizures and death. Desmopressin is sold under various names and brand names.

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